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USDA Zone 9B

Zone 9B Planting Calendar — February 7 to December 28

Zone 9b is the warmest zone in the continental US. Frost is rare and brief when it occurs. Miami, southern California, and the Rio Grande Valley share this zone but with very different humidity and rainfall patterns. Primary vegetable production typically runs October through April, with summer being a genuine off-season for most standard crops.

Zone 9B at a glance: Last frost averages February 7 (range January 6 to March 9). First fall frost averages December 28. Growing season is 335 days. Start warm-season crops indoors 6–10 weeks before last frost; transplant after February 7.
Updated May 13, 2026 · Frost data from NOAA 1991-2020 Climate Normals
Last Spring Frost
February 7
range January 6 to March 9
First Fall Frost
December 28
Range: Dec 10 – Jan 15
Growing Season
335 days
Avg. frost-free window
Winter Low
25° to 30°F
Average minimum temp
Reference City
Miami, FL
Climate data source
Annual Rainfall
62"
Tropical wet pattern

NOAA Frost Probability for Zone 9B

Computed across 1,474 ZIP codes in Zone 9B · Composite generated May 21, 2026 | NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals (released 2021) | Threshold: minimum temperature at or below 32°F (NCEI element TMIN-PRBLST-T32F) — some crops are damaged above 32°F too, depending on duration, humidity, wind, and crop sensitivity
In Zone 9B, the last spring frost most likely lands on February 7. There's a 10% chance it could happen as late as March 9, and a 10% chance it's already done by January 6. These probabilities come from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals, weighted across every NOAA station serving the 1,474 ZIP codes in Zone 9B.
Earliest (10% by)
Jan 6
10% chance frost is done by this date
Typical (50% by)
Feb 7
50% chance frost is done by this date
Latest (90% by)
Mar 9
90% chance frost is done by this date
Zone 9B last-frost probability curve Cumulative probability curve showing the likelihood that the last spring frost has occurred by each date in Zone 9B. P10 (10% probability) is January 6, P50 (50%, the median) is February 7, P90 (90%) is March 9. Source: NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals. 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Dec 17 Jan 3 Jan 20 Feb 7 Feb 24 Mar 12 Mar 29 Probability (%) Date P10: Jan 6 P50: Feb 7 P90: Mar 9
How we calculate this

NOAA provides station-level Climate Normals. NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) records daily minimum temperatures at thousands of U.S. weather stations and publishes, for each station, the probability that the last spring frost has occurred by each calendar date — based on 30 years of observations (1991–2020). These per-station probability percentiles are the primary data.

SoilStack aggregates those station-level normals into a per-USDA-zone composite. For each ZIP code in Zone 9B, we identify nearby NOAA stations, weight each station's contribution by inverse-distance squared to the ZIP centroid, build a per-ZIP composite from those weighted station percentiles, and then aggregate every per-ZIP composite in the zone into a single zone-level composite using a weighted circular mean for dates and a weighted arithmetic mean for numeric values like growing-season length.

For Zone 9B specifically, this composite was aggregated across 1,474 contributing ZIP codes (of 2,085 total ZIP codes assigned to this zone in the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map).

Read the full methodology →

Data sources

NOAA NCEI 1991–2020 U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals — the authoritative U.S. climatological dataset, released by NOAA in 2021 and covering frost-date probabilities at six temperature thresholds and nine probability percentiles for thousands of stations nationwide. Dataset identifier: gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619.

Methodology paper: Palecki, M., Durre, I., Applequist, S., Arguez, A., Lawrimore, J. (2021). U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals (1991–2020). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Station ↔ ZIP crosswalk: built from NOAA’s GHCN station inventory and the U.S. Census Bureau 2024 ZCTA Gazetteer (public domain) using great-circle distance with inverse-distance-squared weighting.

View the NOAA NCEI dataset →

How to read this chart

The curve shows the cumulative probability that the last spring frost has occurred by each date. It rises from 0% (no chance frost is done that early) to 100% (essentially certain frost has occurred by that late date).

Three reference points are highlighted:

  • P10 (Jan 6) — the earliest date by which there’s a 10% chance the last frost is already done. Gardeners willing to take risk on early planting anchor decisions here.
  • P50 (Feb 7) — the median. Half of historical years had their last frost on or before this date. This is the “Typical” reference.
  • P90 (Mar 9) — the date by which there’s a 90% chance frost is done. Risk-averse gardeners planting frost-sensitive crops use this date as their go-ahead signal.

For most warm-season crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil, beans), waiting until the P50 to P90 window is the conservative call. Hardier crops can go in around P10.

Limitations

30-year climate normals, not single-year forecast. These probabilities reflect the climatological baseline from 1991–2020. They tell you what’s likely in a typical year, not what the current year’s actual weather will do. For real-time frost risk in the next 7–10 days, consult the NWS forecast for your area.

Microclimate variation. A zone composite represents the weighted average across hundreds of stations. Your specific ZIP may run several days warmer or cooler than the zone average due to elevation, water proximity, urban heat island, or local topography.

Station density. Zone 9B has dense NOAA station coverage. Some zones with sparser ZIP-level coverage (Alaska, parts of the desert Southwest) rely on fewer mapped ZIPs and should be interpreted with slightly more caution.

Data refresh cycle. NOAA releases new Climate Normals on a 10-year cycle. The current 1991–2020 dataset will be superseded by the 2001–2030 release expected in 2031.

Data source: NOAA NCEI U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals (1991-2020). Dataset ID gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619. Methodology: Palecki et al. (2021). License: NOAA NODD (public domain, no endorsement).

Zone 9B Planting Calendar — All Crops

Dates based on February 7 average last frost. Start indoors dates assume seed starting under grow lights or in a warm window. All dates are averages — adjust based on your specific microclimate and the current year's weather.

Plant Type Start Indoors Transplant / Direct Sow Harvest Window
A
Abe Lincoln Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Ace 55 Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Acorn Squash squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 25 – May 15
African Flake Daisy Flowers flower Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 24
Alaska Early Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 3 – Mar 8
Alaska Mix Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
Alfalfa Cover Crop cover crop Jan 14 Jan 21 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
All Season Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 25 – Apr 4
All Sorts Surprise Mix Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – May 8
All Sweet Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 3
All Year Round lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 12 – Aug 21
All Year Round Cauliflower brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Amarillo Oro Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28
Amarillo Yellow Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13
America lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 22 – Aug 3
Amish Paste Tomatoes tomato Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 23
Anaheim Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 29 – May 7
Ancho Grande Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Angelica herb Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Anise herb Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15 – Jun 4
Anise hyssop leaves and flowers flower Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Armenian Cucumber cucumber Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 15
Arroyo Lupine Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 13
Ashley Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Astro Arugula lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jun 30 – Jul 19
Atkinson Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Atlantic Giant Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Aunt Molly's Ground Cherry vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 8 – Apr 28
Autumn King Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
B
Baby Blue Eyes Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 28
Baby Blue Hubbard Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15
Baby Cakes Blackberry berry — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Baby's Breath Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Bachelor's button edible flowers flower Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – May 2
Banana Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28
Banana Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 19 – Apr 29
Barletta, Pearly White Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Basil Herb Mix herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 25
Bay Laurel herb — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Beauregard Sweet Potato root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 5 – May 20
Beauty Pink Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 22 – Feb 27
Beauty Purple Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 22 – Feb 27
Beauty White Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 22 – Feb 27
Bee Balm flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Beefsteak Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 7
Better Boy Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Bhut Jolokia Ghost Pepper pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant May 12 – Jun 11
Big Jim Hatch Chile pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – Apr 27
Big Max Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 23 – May 28
Big Rainbow Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 3
Birds Eye Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 8 – May 18
Bitter melons vegetable Jan 28 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 12
Black Beauty Eggplant vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 13 – Apr 28
Black Beauty Zucchini squash Jan 11 Feb 8 Transplant Mar 25 – Apr 4
Black Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 16 – Apr 27
Black Diamond Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28
Black Krim Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Black Oil Sunflower Microgreens microgreen Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Feb 18 – Feb 23
Black Salsify root vegetable Dec 24 Dec 31 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Black Seeded Simpson lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 25
Black-Eyed Pea legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 10 – Apr 15
Black-Eyed Susan flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Blazing Star Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Blonde de Paris lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Bloody Butcher Corn vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 22 – Jun 1
Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 31
Blue Curled Scotch lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 3 – Aug 8
Blue Flax Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Blue Lake Bush Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 26 – Apr 3
Bok Choy lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 8
Boltardy Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
Bonny Best Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Borage flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 24 – Apr 13
Borlotti Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 10
Boston Pickling Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Bouquet Dill herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 5 – Mar 20
Bradley Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Brandywine Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 12
Broad Windsor Fava Bean legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 23 – Apr 2
Broadleaf Classic lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Broadleaf Sorrel lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Perennial — see plant page
Broccolini brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 2 – Apr 22
Brunswick Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 4 – Apr 14
Brussels Sprouts brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant May 7 – Jun 1
Buckwheat cover crop — Jan 28 Plant Out Feb 27 – Mar 14
Bull's Blood Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 24
Burgess Buttercup Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 5
Burgundy Boston lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 3
Buttercrunch lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 25 – Aug 3
Butterhead Lettuce lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 13
Butternut Squash squash Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 22 – Jun 11
C
Cal Sweet Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – Apr 28
Calabrese Broccoli brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Calendula flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Mar 29
California Bluebell flower Dec 7 Dec 14 Transplant Feb 7 – Feb 17
California Giant Mix Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
California Wonder Peppers pepper Dec 31 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 20
Calypso Cilantro herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Mar 24
Calypso Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Canary Bird Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Canary Yellow lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Cantaloupe melon Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 12
Caraway herb Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Cardoon (Purple Artichoke Thistle) vegetable Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Carentan Leeks allium Dec 24 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – May 4
Caribbean Red Scotch Bonnet Pepper pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant May 17 – Jun 11
Caribe Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Carolina Cross Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 3
Carolina Reaper peppers pepper Dec 31 Feb 11 Transplant May 12 – Jun 11
Cascadia Sugar Snap Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 13 – Mar 15
Caserta Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10
Casper Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22
Catmint herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Catnip Herb herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Cayenne Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant May 7 – May 17
Celebrity Tomatoes tomato Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 10
Celeste Fig berry — Feb 11 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Champion Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 22 – Feb 27
Chantenay Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8
Charleston Wakefield Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 30
Chayote squash vegetable Feb 11 Feb 11 Transplant Jun 11 – Jul 11
Cherokee Purple Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 30 – May 7
Cherry Belle Radish root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Feb 25 – Mar 6
Cherry Bomb peppers pepper Dec 31 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Cherry Queen Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Chervil herb Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Feb 11 – Feb 21
Chicago Hardy Fig berry — Feb 11 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Chinese Broccoli (Gai Lan) brassica — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 9 – Jul 29
Chinese Forget-Me-Not Flowers flower Dec 22 Dec 29 Transplant Mar 4 – Mar 24
Chinese Snake Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20
Chioggia Beet root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 10
Chives herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Chocolate Bell Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – May 2
Chocolate Cherry Sunflowers flower Jan 14 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 28
Chocolate Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Chocolate Habanero Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 13
Cinderella Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 18
Cinnamon Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 25
Clasping Coneflower flower Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 30 – May 15
Classic Cumin herb Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15 – Jun 4
Classic Tomatillos vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 25 – Apr 30
Clemson Spineless Okra vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 24 – Apr 2
Cocozelle Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26
Common Milkweed Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Common Sage herb Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Congo Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 3
Contender Bush Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 21 – Mar 31
Copenhagen Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Corno di Toro Pepper pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Cosmic Purple Carrot root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 3 – Apr 20
Cosmos flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 8 – Apr 28
Cosmos Sensations Mix Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Crackerjack Mix Marigolds flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 13
Crego Mix Aster Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Creole Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Crimson Cherry Rhubarb Root vegetable Dec 24 Dec 31 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Crimson Clover cover crop — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 29 – Apr 28
Crimson Forest Bunching Onions root vegetable Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29
Crimson Sweet Watermelon melon — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 18 – Apr 28
Crisphead lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 16 – Aug 23
Crosby's Egyptian Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Mar 29
Crosne tubers root vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Cubanelle Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 21 – Apr 29
Culinary Turmeric root vegetable Jan 21 Feb 18 Transplant Oct 16 – Dec 15
Cupid Grape Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3 – Apr 8
Curly Kale lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 3 – Aug 13
Curly Parsley herb Dec 24 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Cylindra Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29
D
Daikon Radishes root vegetable Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 28 – Mar 10
Dandelion herb Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Danish Ballhead Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 24 – May 4
Danvers Carrot root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 15 – Apr 25
Dark Green Italian Giant Parsley herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 15 – Mar 30
Dark Green Romaine lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 18
Dark Green Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 25
Datil peppers pepper Dec 31 Feb 11 Transplant May 12 – Jun 1
Delica kabocha squash squash Jan 28 Feb 11 Transplant May 17 – Jun 1
Delicata Squash squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 25 – May 15
Delicatesse Blue Kohlrabi brassica Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 10 – Mar 15
Delicatesse White Kohlrabi brassica Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 10 – Mar 15
Delicious Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Detroit Dark Red Beet root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 5
Devils Tongue Yellow Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 18
Di Cicco Broccoli brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Dill herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 9 – Mar 24
Dragon Tongue Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 5
Drumhead Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 24
Dukat Dill herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 23 – Mar 5
Dutch Lamb's Lettuce lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
Dutch Yellow Shallots allium Dec 24 Dec 31 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 30
Dwarf Jewel Mix Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
Dwarf Long Pod Okra vegetable Feb 11 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 19
E
Early Girl Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 4 – Apr 14
Early Jersey Wakefield Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20 – Mar 30
Early Purple Broccoli brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Early Wonder Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19
Easter Egg Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 25 – Mar 1
Echinacea flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Edamame legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 20 – May 10
Egg Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Eight Ball Zucchini squash Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 21 – Mar 31
Elephant Garlic root vegetable — Nov 30 Plant Out May 29 2027 – Jul 28 2027
Emerald Giant Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 7
Emerald Green Velvet Okra vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 7 – Apr 10
Empress of India Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
Endive / Escarole lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 13
English Lavender flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
English Lavender herb Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
English Thyme herb Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
English White Daisy Flowers flower Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Epazote herb Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 10
Evening Sun Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Everbearing Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5
Evergreen Bunching Onions root vegetable Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Evergreen Parsley herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 25 – Apr 9
F
Fairy Dwarf Mix Candytuft Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 28 – Mar 15
Fall Rutabagas root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 30 – May 15
Fava Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 20 – May 15
Fenugreek herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 18 – Mar 5
Firecracker Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – May 28
Flat-Leaf Parsley herb Dec 24 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 28
Floradade Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Florida Broadleaf lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
Florida Giant Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23
Florida Market Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 12
Fordhook Giant lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 3
Foxglove Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
French Breakfast Radish root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Feb 25 – Mar 4
French Lamb's Lettuce lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
French Marigold flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Mar 29
French Red Shallots allium Dec 24 Dec 31 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 30
French Tarragon herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Fresno Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Full Heart Batavian lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Sep 2 – Sep 7
G
Gaillardia Annual Mix Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 28
Gardener's Delight Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 13
Garlic Chives herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Genovese Basil herb Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 22
Georgia Rattlesnake Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 3
Georgia Southern Collard Greens lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 28
German Chamomile herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 29 – Apr 3
Giant Imperial Mix Larkspur Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 24 – May 14
Giant Maximum Mix Snapdragon Flowers flower Dec 10 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 28 – Apr 12
Giant Musselburgh Leeks allium Dec 24 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 24 – Apr 29
Giant Red lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24
Ginger root vegetable Jan 21 Feb 18 Transplant Oct 16 – Dec 15
Globe Gilia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 18
Glorious Gleam Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Glory of Enkhuizen Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14
Gold Rush Zucchini squash Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 21 – Mar 26
Golden Acre Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Golden Bantam Sweet Corn vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 21 – Apr 27
Golden Beet root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 10
Golden Bush Scallop Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10
Golden Celery vegetable Dec 31 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 30 – May 10
Golden Detroit Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Mar 29
Golden Globe Turnips root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 14 – Mar 19
Golden Hubbard Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15
Golden Marconi Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – May 2
Golden Sunray Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Golden Wax Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Apr 5
Grano Red Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Grano White Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Greek Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 20
Greek Oregano herb — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Green Arrow Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 13 – Mar 18
Green Cabbage brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – May 22
Green Fingers Persian Cucumber cucumber Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Green Flesh Honeydew Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 8
Green Globe Artichoke vegetable Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Green Hubbard Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 25
Green Ice lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24
Green Marrow Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 30
Green Onion vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Green Purslane vegetable Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 11 – Mar 26
Green shiso leaves herb Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 15
Green Striped Cushaw Crookneck Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15
Green Wave lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24
Green Zebra Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – Apr 30
H
Habanero Pepper pepper Jan 7 Feb 18 Transplant May 19 – Jun 18
Hailstone Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 27
Hairy vetch cover crop stands cover crop Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – May 12
Hamburg Rooted Parsley herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – May 4
Hard Red Wheat Cover Crop cover crop Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 23 – Apr 12
Harris Model Parsnips root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28
Harvester Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Heart of Gold Cantaloupe Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 8
Heirloom Red Kuri Squash squash Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant May 5 – May 15
Herb Fennel herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Heritage Rainbow Blend Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Highbush Blueberries berry Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Holiday Marbles Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 18
Holland Red Shallots allium Dec 24 Dec 31 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 30
Homemade Pickles Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Homestead Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 23
Honey Rock Cantaloupe Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 8
Honeydew Melon melon Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 22 – Jun 6
Horehound Herb herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Horseradish vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Hot Pink lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Hungarian Hot Wax Pepper pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 27
I
Iceberg lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 16 – Aug 23
Igloo Cauliflower brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20 – Mar 25
Imperial Star Artichoke vegetable Dec 24 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 8
Improved Meyer Lemon berry — Feb 11 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Indian Spring Mix Hollyhock Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 28 – Jul 27
Isis Candy Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 15 – Apr 25
Italian Large Leaf Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 20
Italian Oregano herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
J
Jack Be Little Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 8
Jack O'Lantern Pumpkin squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 5 – May 25
Jacob's Cattle beans legume Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 12
Jade Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Jalapeño Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 27
Japanese Eggplant vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Apr 3
Jersey Knight Asparagus vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Jerusalem artichoke tubers root vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Jewel Strawberries berry Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Jicama Mexican Yam Bean legume Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Jul 1 – Jul 21
Jimmy Nardello Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant May 9 – May 19
Jubilee Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Jubilee Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 3
Juliet Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 28 – Mar 30
K
Kagraner Sommer lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 6
Kellogg's Breakfast tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 30
Kentucky Wonder Pole Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 17
King Arthur Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 21 – Apr 27
King of the Garden Pole Lima Bean legume Jan 31 Feb 7 Transplant May 6 – May 13
King's Cure-All Evening Primrose Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Kuroda Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8
L
Lacinato Kale lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 13
Lacy Phacelia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 13
Lanceleaf Coreopsis Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Landreth Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Large Leaf Sorrel lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Perennial — see plant page
Large Red Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Leaf Lettuce Mix lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 3
Lebanese White Bush Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 21
Leek vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out May 8 – Jun 7
Lemon Balm herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Lemon Cucumber cucumber — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 29 – Apr 8
Lemon Habanero Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 13
Lemon Mint Herb herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Lemon Verbena herb — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Lemongrass herb Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Lettuce Leaf Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 25
Licorice Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 25
Lima Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 5 – Apr 25
Lime Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 20
Little Fingers Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24
Little Gem lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 4
Little Marvel Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 8 – Mar 11
Lollo Bionda lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Lollo Rossa lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 1 – Aug 4
Long Green Louisiana Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 22
Long Island Cheese Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15
Long Ping Tung Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 7 – Apr 12
Long Purple Italian Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27
Lovage Herb herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Love-in-a-Mist Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3 – Apr 23
Luffa gourds vegetable Jan 21 Feb 11 Transplant May 22 – Jun 11
Luminosa Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Lunar White Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Lunaria Silver Dollar Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Lunchbox Mini Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 19
M
Magenta Sunset lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 3 – Aug 8
Mammoth Dill herb Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 28 – Mar 20
Mammoth Melting Sugar Snow Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 16 – Mar 22
Mammoth Sunflower flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 3 – Apr 18
Manitoba Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 3
Marglobe Improved Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Marglobe Supreme Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Marion Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Marketer Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31
Marketmore 76 Cucumber cucumber Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 20
Marvel of Four Seasons lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 8
Matador Viking lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 27
Matt's Wild Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 10
Maximillian Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
McKana Giants Mix Columbine Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Medium Red Clover Cover Crop cover crop Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 15 – Mar 30
Mesclun Mix lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jun 30 – Jul 9
Michihili Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 25
Midnight Snack Tomatoes tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 22
Mizuna lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
Money Maker Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Monstrueux de Viroflay lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 29
Moon & Stars Red-Flesh Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 8
Moon & Stars Yellow-Flesh Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 8
Morris Heading lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 23 – Aug 28
Mortgage Lifter Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 7
Mountain Magic Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 24 – Apr 27
Mr. Stripey Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 3
Mrs. Burns Lemon Basil herb Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 15
Mucho Nacho Jalapeño Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 22
Mugwort herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Muncher Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 10
Mustard Greens lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 14 – Jul 29
Mâche (Corn Salad) lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Sep 1
N
Nagami Kumquat berry — Feb 11 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Nantes Carrot root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 7 – Apr 20
Napa Cabbage brassica — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 18 – Sep 7
Nasturtium flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Apr 3
National Pickling Cucumber cucumber — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 19 – Mar 27
New England Aster Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
New Sunn Hemp Cover Crop cover crop Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – May 5
New Zealand Spinach lettuce Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Apr 5
Noble Giant lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 25 – Jul 29
Nodding Catchfly Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 28
Nopales pads vegetable Feb 11 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
NuMex Twilight Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 28
Nutri-Red Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
O
OG American Flag Leeks allium Dec 24 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 24
Old Fashion lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 29
Orange lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 3
Orange Flesh Honeydew Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 8
Orange Habanero Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 13
Orange Horizon Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Orange King Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Orange Oxheart Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Orange Sulphur Cosmos Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Oregon Giant Snow Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 18 – Mar 22
Oregon Sugar Pod Snow Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 8 – Mar 16
Orion Florence Fennel vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 25 – May 5
Ox-Eye Daisy Flowers flower Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
P
Pacific Giant Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 23 – Jun 2
Padron Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 19 – Apr 24
Pandora Striped Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Paris Market Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 24
Paris Yellow Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 8
Parsnip root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 15 – Jun 14
Pasilla de Oaxaca Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Patio Princess Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3 – Apr 8
Pattypan Squash squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 23 – Mar 31
Paul Robeson tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 15 – Apr 30
Peach Melba Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
Peppermint herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Pepperoncini Pepper pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3 – Apr 13
Phacelia cover crop and bee forage cover crop Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Mar 28 – Apr 12
Pimento Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 7 – May 12
Pineapple Tomatillos vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 15 – Apr 25
Pineapple Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 3
Pink Banana Jumbo Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15 – May 25
Pink Oxheart Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Pinkeye Purple Hull Cowpea legume Dec 17 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 22
Pixie Delight Lupine Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 18
Plains Coreopsis flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Planters Jumbo Cantaloupe Melon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23
Poblano Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 27
Polar Bear Zinnia Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 8
Ponderosa Red Beefsteak Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Popcorn vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 23 – May 28
Potato onion clusters root vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant May 12 – Jun 11
Powderpuff Aster Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Premier lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Pretty Purple Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 28
Prizewinner Runner Pole Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 27
Progress No. 9 Shelling Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 6 – Mar 10
Provider Bush Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 26 – Mar 31
Purple Basil herb Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – May 7
Purple Beauty Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – Apr 27
Purple Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Purple Haze Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 11
Purple Plum Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 25 – Feb 27
Purple Tiger Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 8
Purple Tomatillos vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 30
Pápalo leaves herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Q
Queen Anne's Lace Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 8
Queensland Blue Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15 – Jun 4
R
Radicchio lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Sep 2
Rainbow Corn vegetable Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 20 – May 30
Rainbow Mix lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Rambo Radish Microgreens microgreen Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Feb 17 – Feb 21
Rapeseed Cover Crop cover crop Dec 22 Dec 29 Transplant Feb 12 – Mar 9
Rapini Broccoli Raab brassica Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Rattlesnake Pole Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 15
Red Acre Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 30 – Apr 4
Red Burgundy Okra vegetable Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 7 – Apr 12
Red Burgundy Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 18 – May 28
Red Cabbage brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – Jun 1
Red Caribbean Habanero Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – May 13
Red Cayenne Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Red Cherry Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Red Garnet Amaranth vegetable Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Red Leaf Lettuce lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Aug 3
Red Mushroom Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Red Pear Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3 – Apr 13
Red Pontiac Potato root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 5 – May 25
Red Prairie Mexican Hat Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Red Romaine lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 18
Red Russian Kale lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
Red Vein Sorrel lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Perennial — see plant page
Red Velvet Leaf Basil herb Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 25
Red-Stem Malabar Spinach lettuce Jan 21 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 7 – Apr 22
Rio Grande Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Roma II Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 4
Roma VF Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Romaine Lettuce lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 13 – Aug 23
Roman Chamomile herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Romanesco brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 22
Romano Pole Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 13
Roselle calyces and leaves vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Jul 4 – Aug 3
Rosemary herb — Feb 11 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Round de Nice Zucchini Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 21
Round Mauve Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – May 12
Royal Burgundy Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Royal Carpet Alyssum Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 28 – Mar 15
Ruby Red lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 3 – Aug 8
Rue herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Russian Tarragon herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Rutgers Tomato tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – May 2
S
Salad Bowl Green lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 28 – Jul 29
Salad Burnet herb Jan 14 Jan 21 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
San Andreas Strawberries berry Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
San Marzano Tomatoes tomato Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 30 – May 10
Santa Fe Grande Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Savoy Perfection Cabbage brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Apr 14 – Apr 19
Scarlet Flax Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 10 – Mar 25
Scarlet Runner Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Perennial — see plant page
Scarlet Sage Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Seascape Strawberry berry — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Serrano Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – May 2
Shallot vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 28 – May 28
Shasta Daisy Flowers flower Dec 24 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Shelling Pea legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 15
Shishito Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 18 Transplant Apr 19 – Apr 24
Showy Pink Ladies Evening Primrose Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Shungiku (Edible Chrysanthemum) lettuce Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Feb 23 – Mar 10
Siberian Dwarf lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 3
Signet marigold edible flowers flower Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 17
Silver Queen Sweet Corn vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Apr 28 – Apr 30
Single Mix China Aster Flowers flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Slenderette Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 2
Slow-Bolt (Slo-Bolt) Cilantro/Coriander herb Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 25 – Mar 9
Smooth Blue Aster Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Snow Crown Cauliflower brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 2 – Apr 12
Snow Pea legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 28 – Apr 15
Snow White Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Snowball Self-Blanche Cauliflower brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Soapwort flower Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Softneck Garlic root vegetable — Nov 30 Plant Out Jul 28 2027 – Aug 27 2027
Solar Yellow Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
Southport Red Globe Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Southport White Globe Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 28
Spacemaster Bush Cucumber cucumber Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 10
Spaghetti Squash squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 3 – May 15
Spanish Sweet White Onions root vegetable Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 18 – May 28
Sparkler Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 22 – Feb 27
Sparky Mix Marigolds flower Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Spearmint herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Speckled Pea Shoot Microgreens microgreen Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Feb 19 – Feb 25
St. Valery Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8
Stevia herb — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Straight Eight Cucumber cucumber Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 5 – Apr 10
Sugar Ann Snap Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Feb 28 – Mar 4
Sugar Baby Watermelon melon Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Sugar Pie Pumpkin squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow May 5 – May 25
Sugar Snap Pea legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 31 – Apr 15
Summer Bibb lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 3 – Aug 8
Summer Carnival Mix Hollyhock Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant May 28 – Jul 27
Summer Max Mix Cover Crop cover crop Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 14 – Mar 29
Summer Savory herb Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 10
Sun Gold Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – May 3
Sun Gold Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 26 – Apr 3
Sunbright Yellow Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 2
Sunray Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Sunshine Blue Blueberry berry — Feb 4 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Sunshine Kabocha Squash squash Jan 21 Feb 4 Transplant May 10 – May 15
Sunspot Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Sweet 100 Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 29 – Apr 3
Sweet Alyssum flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 9 – Mar 24
Sweet Marjoram herb Jan 7 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – May 5
Sweet Million Tomatoes tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 17
Sweet Woodruff herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Swiss Chard lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 8
T
Tabasco Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
Tall Trailing Mix Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Tall Utah 52-70 Celery vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out May 8 – Jun 7
Tango lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 11 – Jul 19
Tansy herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Tatsoi lettuce Dec 17 Dec 31 Transplant Jan 25 – Feb 14
Taylor Dwarf Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10 – Apr 13
Tendercrisp Celery vegetable Dec 31 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 30 – May 15
Tendergreen lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
Tendergreen Burpless Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 10
Tendergreen Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Tendersweet Carrots root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8
Tendersweet Orange Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 3
Tepin Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant May 28 – Aug 16
Texas 1015Y SuperSweet Onion root vegetable Nov 26 Dec 31 Transplant Apr 15 – Apr 25
Texas Bluebonnet Lupine Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – May 3
Thai Basil herb Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 12 – Apr 17
Thai Hot Peppers pepper Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 7
Thessaloniki Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 18
Thorogreen Bush Lima Bean legume Jan 31 Feb 7 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Tigerella Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Tiny Tim Tomatoes tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Mar 28 – Apr 7
Tom Thumb lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 18
Tom Watson Watermelon melon Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23
Tomatillo vegetable — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 29 – Apr 23
Top Crop Bush Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 26 – Mar 31
Tri Color Amaranth (Joseph's Coat) vegetable Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 6 – Mar 21
Trinidad Moruga Scorpion peppers pepper Dec 31 Feb 11 Transplant May 2 – Jun 11
Tropical Milkweed Flowers flower Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Trucker's Favorite Corn vegetable Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 30
True Watercress vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Tumbling Tom Red Tomatoes tomato Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 17 – Apr 22
Turkish Orange Eggplant vegetable Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant May 7 – May 12
Turnip root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 26 – Apr 5
Tuscany Black lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 23
U
Upland Cress vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
V
Vates lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 29 – Aug 3
Vates lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 8 – Aug 23
Velvet Queen Sunflowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 28
Verde Tomatillos vegetable Jan 14 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 30
Verona Red lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Sep 2 – Sep 9
Victoria Rhubarb vegetable Dec 24 Jan 14 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Vienna Purple Kohlrabi brassica Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 10 – Mar 20
Vienna White Kohlrabi brassica Jan 7 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
Viola and pansy edible flowers flower Dec 10 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 15 – Mar 25
Violetta Purple Cauliflower brassica Dec 31 Jan 14 Transplant Mar 20
VR Moscow Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 18 – Apr 28
W
Waltham 29 Broccoli brassica Jan 7 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 27 – May 12
Wando Pea legume Dec 31 Jan 7 Transplant Mar 11 – Mar 16
Watermelon Radishes root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 26 – Apr 10
Wee Be Little Pumpkin squash Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23
West Indian Burr Gherkin Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 10
Whirlybird Nasturtium Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 19 – Mar 29
White Boston lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 19 – Jul 29
White Cherry Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 13
White Cloud Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – Apr 27
White clover living mulch cover crop Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
White Cushaw Crookneck Winter Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant May 15
White Detroit Beets root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Mar 29
White Emergo Runner Pole Bean legume Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 20 – Apr 25
White Icicle Radishes root vegetable Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Feb 27 – Mar 9
White Lisbon Bunching Onions root vegetable Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 3
White Marrow Summer Squash squash Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Apr 30
White Wonder Cucumber cucumber Jan 28 Feb 4 Transplant Mar 31 – Apr 5
Winner Kohlrabi brassica — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 29
Winter Density lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Aug 2 – Aug 8
Winter Giant lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Jul 24 – Jul 29
Winter rye cover crop stands cover crop Feb 4 Feb 11 Transplant Aug 10 – Sep 19
Witloof White lettuce — Jun 9 Direct Sow Sep 23 – Oct 16
Wormwood herb Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Perennial — see plant page
Y
Yard Long Bean legume — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 5 – May 5
Yarrow flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Perennial — see plant page
Yellow Beefsteak Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Yellow Crookneck Squash squash — Feb 4 Direct Sow Mar 26 – Apr 5
Yellow Jalapeno (Caloro) Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Yellow Mushroom Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 13 – Apr 23
Yellow Oxheart Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 23 – Apr 28
Yellow Pear Tomatoes tomato Jan 7 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 8 – Apr 18
Yellow Scotch Bonnet Hot Peppers pepper Dec 31 Jan 28 Transplant Apr 28 – May 28
Yellow Sulphur Cosmos Flowers flower Jan 21 Jan 28 Transplant Mar 24 – Apr 8
Yellow Sweet Blossom Clover Cover Crop cover crop Dec 22 Dec 29 Transplant Feb 27 – Mar 29
Yolo Wonder Sweet Peppers pepper Jan 14 Feb 11 Transplant Apr 22 – May 2
Yukon Gold Potato root vegetable — Feb 4 Direct Sow Apr 25 – May 15
Z
Zinnia flower — Jan 28 Plant Out Mar 29 – Apr 28

Browse Zone 9B by Month

See exactly what to plant, transplant, and harvest each month in Zone 9B.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Zone 9B Growing Tips

States in Zone 9B

Zone 9B spans parts of these states. Note that zone boundaries run within states — check your specific ZIP code for your exact zone.

Florida (south, Miami metro) California (San Diego, coastal Los Angeles) Arizona (Tucson) Texas (Rio Grande Valley)

What works well in Zone 9B

Zone 9b (Miami-style subtropical-to-tropical) sees rare brief frost but four months of heat-stress June through September with 62 inches of rainfall and very high disease pressure. Most standard 'spring' crops are planted in fall and winter. June through November overlaps hurricane season. (Southern California 9b is Mediterranean-dry and Tucson 9b is high desert — very different from Miami.)

Drip irrigation / soaker hose kit

Critical

Every gardener benefits from putting water at the root zone instead of on the leaves, because drip and soaker systems reduce foliar disease pressure by limiting leaf wetness and soil splash. A quality kit should include a backflow preventer, filter, pressure reducer, and UV-resistant tubing.

Source: Iowa State University Extension; Colorado State University Extension; UMass Extension

Budget Quick-Connect Drip Starter Kit Right-sized for 1-2 raised beds. Quick-connect fittings, adjustable nozzles, and 1/2" + 1/4" tubing included. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Best value Complete Garden Drip Irrigation Kit Designed for beginners with a step-by-step setup guide. Adjustable emitters, both tubing sizes, and all connectors included. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Premium Landscape Drip Irrigation Kit Professional-grade from the company that builds irrigation systems for golf courses and farms. Includes drippers, micro-bubblers, and micro-sprays. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.

Insect netting or floating row cover for brassicas

Critical

UMN Extension explicitly recommends row covers for cabbage worms and flea beetles on brassicas. Exclusion netting is one of the clearest extension-backed categories because the edible part is often the foliage or head, and early chewing directly reduces yield.

Source: UMN Extension

Ultra-Fine Garden Insect Netting (4'x25') Fine mesh blocks cabbage moths and flea beetles without chemicals. Lay over hoops at transplant time and leave on all season. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.

Mulch / landscape fabric

High

Nearly every garden benefits from mulch for weed suppression, moisture conservation, and soil temperature moderation. For most home gardeners, quality organic mulch is the better buy over landscape fabric.

Source: Penn State Extension; Wisconsin Horticulture; Illinois Extension

Budget Seeding Straw Mulch (1 cu ft, covers ~250 sq ft) Processed wheat straw with biodegradable tackifier for slope retention. The most-reviewed garden straw on Amazon (1.8K+ reviews). Covers about 250 square feet at proper 2 to 3 inch depth, which fits a typical home raised-bed setup. Apply after seedlings are established and soil has warmed. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Best value Cleaned Wheat Straw Mulch (3 cu ft, ~20 lbs) Thoroughly cleaned wheat straw at 3 cubic feet, marketed specifically for vegetable gardens rather than animal bedding or decoration. Better per-pound economics than the 1 cu ft option, with the same extension-recommended material. Strong sales volume (2K+ bought past month) supports product consistency. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Premium Long-Needle Pine Straw (covers ~100 sq ft) Long-needle pine straw harvested in the US, premium type that decomposes more slowly than wheat straw. Pine straw is the regional preferred mulch in the humid Southeast (recommended by NC State, UF/IFAS, and Texas A&M extension) because it resists matting in heavy rain and stays in place better than chopped straw. Best for Zones 7a-9b vegetable beds. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.

Garden shade cloth

High

K-State Research and Extension and University of Maryland Extension recommend shade cloth as a heat-management tool for vegetable gardens, with 30 percent shade rating most effective for tomatoes, peppers, and fruiting crops, and 40 to 50 percent for protecting heat-sensitive greens during hot summer months. University of Delaware research found 30 percent black shade cloth tripled marketable yield for bell peppers compared to unshaded plants, and Purdue trials showed shade cloth reduced maximum daily temperatures by 8 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit. Choose knitted polyethylene with reinforced grommets every 18 to 24 inches, mount on hoops or a frame with open sides for airflow, and remove or vent during prolonged wet weather to avoid increased humidity in the canopy.

Source: K-State Research and Extension; University of Maryland Extension; University of Delaware Cooperative Extension; Purdue University Extension

Budget 30% Sun-Block Shade Cloth (6x8 ft, with clips) 30 percent shade rating, the extension-recommended density for tomatoes, peppers, and other fruiting crops. Agfabric is one of the most-cited horticultural shade cloth brands. Includes clips for fast install over hoops or a simple PVC frame. Best for one raised bed or a small group of containers. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Best value 30% Sun-Block Shade Cloth (6x10 ft) Same 30 percent rating in the typical home-garden size that fits a 4 by 8 raised bed plus working overhang. Knitted polyethylene with grommets for tie-down. Strong volume signal (3.8K reviews) supports consistent product quality across orders. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Premium 30% UV-Block Shade Cloth (6x15 ft roll) Coolaroo is the gold-standard horticultural shade fabric brand, used by professional growers and university research stations. Tear-resistant breathable knit at the same 30 percent rating, sized as a 6 by 15 foot roll for serious gardens with multiple beds. Cut to fit, secure with clips or grommets at the edges. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.

Storm tie-downs and ground anchors

High

UF/IFAS Extension and Texas A&M AgriLife Extension recommend securing or removing trellises, shade cloth, hoop covers, container plants, and lightweight raised-bed accessories before tropical storms and hurricanes, since loose garden items become projectiles in high winds. Most-relevant for Gulf Coast Zone 8b (Houston, Mobile, New Orleans), Florida Zone 9b (Miami, Tampa), and any coastal area within the Atlantic and Gulf hurricane corridors. Galvanized steel ground anchors resist rust in humid coastal soils, and screw-in spiral anchors hold significantly better than driven stakes in saturated soil during storm conditions. Use quick-release fasteners on shade cloth and trellises so they can be removed quickly when a storm watch is issued.

Source: UF/IFAS Extension; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension

Budget Galvanized Storm Tie-Down Stakes (10-pack, with ropes) Galvanized steel canopy anchors with included rope — the only listing in this category that bundles stakes and tie-down rope together. Rust-resistant for humid Gulf Coast and Florida soils. The most-reviewed tent anchor on Amazon (12K+ reviews). Best as a starter kit for securing shade cloth, lightweight hoop covers, and trellises. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Best value J-Hook Rebar Anchor Stakes (16-pack, 12", galvanized) 12 inch galvanized rebar stakes with a J-hook top, which lets gardeners loop rope or strap directly onto the stake for fast tie-downs. 16-pack covers a typical home garden's worth of trellises, shade frames, and hoop covers with stakes to spare. Better tie-down geometry than U-shaped stakes for storm prep. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Premium 30" Screw-In Ground Anchors (4-pack, fully welded) 30 inch fully-welded spiral earth anchors that screw into soil rather than being driven. Spiral threads grip far better than straight stakes in saturated soil during storms, which is the failure mode that lets driven stakes pull free in high winds. This is the anchor type UF/IFAS hurricane prep guidance actually describes for Florida and Gulf Coast use. 4-pack covers the corners of a typical garden structure. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.

Raised bed kit

Medium

Raised beds improve drainage, let gardeners control soil from day one, reduce compaction, and make gardening more accessible. A quality kit should use rot-resistant, food-safe materials and provide enough depth for productive rooting.

Source: Penn State Extension; University of Delaware Cooperative Extension; Illinois Extension

Budget Galvanized Metal Raised Bed (8x4x2 ft, 478-gallon) Galvanized steel, 8 ft x 4 ft x 2 ft (24 inches deep). Non-toxic galvanized coating, rust-resistant for humid Gulf Coast and South Florida use. The most-reviewed metal raised bed on Amazon (5.6K reviews, 700+ bought past month). 24-inch depth supports deep-rooted vegetables like tomatoes and root crops. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Best value Premium Cedar Raised Garden Bed (4x8 ft, 17.5 in, 3/4 in thick) Made in USA from North American cedar, 3/4 inch thick boards (most cedar beds on Amazon are 1/2 inch — thickness drives lifespan). 17.5 inch depth gives deep-rooted crops the room extension services recommend. Cedar is naturally rot-resistant without pressure-treatment chemicals, suitable for vegetable production. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs. Premium Woodgrain Metal Raised Bed (4x8 ft, 16 in tall) Vego Garden is the gardening community's premium raised bed brand, known for durable powder-coated metal construction with wood-grain aesthetics. 4 by 8 ft footprint, 16 inches tall, food-safe coating. Combines metal durability (no rot, decades of life) with the visual warmth of wood — best for gardeners who want a long-term investment. View on Amazon paid link SoilStack earns a small commission from qualifying Amazon purchases at no extra cost to you. Commissions help keep the site free and ad-free. We only recommend products that match published extension-service specs.
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Frost dates from NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals (dataset gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619; methodology Palecki et al. 2021), aggregated across 1,474 ZIP codes in Zone 9B. Growing season data from UF/IFAS Extension — Miami-Dade County. Planting dates are averages based on zone frost dates and standard horticultural timing — adjust for your local microclimate.