When is the last frost in USDA Zone 9A?

The average last spring frost in Zone 9A is March 4 (range February 5 to March 27). Data from NOAA 1991–2020 Climate Normals aggregated across USDA Zone 9A.

When is the first fall frost in Zone 9A?

The average first fall frost in Zone 9A is November 26, with a range from Nov 6 to Dec 20. Aggregated across the same NOAA stations as the spring figure.

How long is the growing season in Zone 9A?

The frost-free growing season in Zone 9A runs from approximately March 4 to November 26, a span of about 267 days.

When should I start seeds indoors in Zone 9A?

In Zone 9A, start tomatoes and peppers indoors 8–10 weeks before the last frost date of March 4. That means starting seeds in mid-winter to early spring depending on your specific transplant targets.

USDA Zone 9A

Zone 9A Planting Calendar — March 4 to November 26

Zone 9a covers the hot desert Southwest (Phoenix, Las Vegas) and mild coastal California — two very different growing environments in the same zone. Desert gardeners follow a mostly inverted calendar, growing October through May and resting during summer highs that regularly exceed 105°F. California 9a supports near year-round growing with strategic heat management.

Zone 9A at a glance: Last frost averages March 4 (range February 5 to March 27). First fall frost averages November 26. That is a frost-free span of about 267 days. Start warm-season crops indoors 6–10 weeks before last frost; transplant after March 4.

Last Spring Frost

March 4

range February 5 to March 27

First Fall Frost

November 26

Range: Nov 6 – Dec 20

Growing Season

267 days

Frost-free days between the dates above

Winter Low

20° to 25°F

Average minimum temp

Reference City

Phoenix, AZ

Climate data source

Annual Rainfall

Monsoon pattern

NOAA Frost Probability for Zone 9A

Computed across 1,767 ZIP codes in Zone 9A · Composite generated Aug 12, 2026 | NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals (released 2021) | Threshold: minimum temperature at or below 32°F (NCEI element TMIN-PRBLST-T32F) — some crops are damaged above 32°F too, depending on duration, humidity, wind, and crop sensitivity

In Zone 9A, the last spring frost most likely lands on March 4. There's a 10% chance it could happen as late as March 27, and a 10% chance it's already done by February 5. These probabilities come from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals, weighted across every NOAA station serving the 1,767 ZIP codes in Zone 9A.

Earliest (10% by)

Feb 5

10% chance frost is done by this date

Typical (50% by)

Mar 4

50% chance frost is done by this date

Latest (90% by)

Mar 27

90% chance frost is done by this date

Swipe the chart to see the full date range

How we calculate this

NOAA provides station-level Climate Normals. NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) records daily minimum temperatures at thousands of U.S. weather stations and publishes, for each station, the probability that the last spring frost has occurred by each calendar date — based on 30 years of observations (1991–2020). These per-station probability percentiles are the primary data.

SoilStack aggregates those station-level normals into a per-USDA-zone composite. For each ZIP code in Zone 9A, we identify nearby NOAA stations, weight each station's contribution by inverse-distance squared to the ZIP centroid, build a per-ZIP composite from those weighted station percentiles, and then aggregate every per-ZIP composite in the zone into a single zone-level composite using a weighted circular mean for dates and a weighted arithmetic mean for numeric values like growing-season length.

For Zone 9A specifically, this composite was aggregated across 1,767 contributing ZIP codes (of 2,199 total ZIP codes assigned to this zone in the USDA 2023 Plant Hardiness Zone Map).

Read the full methodology →

Data sources

NOAA NCEI 1991–2020 U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals — the authoritative U.S. climatological dataset, released by NOAA in 2021 and covering frost-date probabilities at six temperature thresholds and nine probability percentiles for thousands of stations nationwide. Dataset identifier: gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619.

Methodology paper: Palecki, M., Durre, I., Applequist, S., Arguez, A., Lawrimore, J. (2021). U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals (1991–2020). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information.

Station ↔ ZIP crosswalk: built from NOAA’s GHCN station inventory and the U.S. Census Bureau 2024 ZCTA Gazetteer (public domain) using great-circle distance with inverse-distance-squared weighting.

Live freeze outlook: National Weather Service (NWS) public forecast API, for the location of a ZIP you enter. Used only within about 7 days of a forecast freeze, the range an NWS point forecast reaches; without a ZIP, or outside that window, the chart shows the NOAA climate normal alone.

View the NOAA NCEI dataset →

How to read this chart

The curve shows the cumulative probability that the last spring frost has occurred by each date. It rises from 0% (no chance frost is done that early) to 100% (essentially certain frost has occurred by that late date).

Three reference points are highlighted:

P10 (Feb 5) — the earliest date by which there’s a 10% chance the last frost is already done. Gardeners willing to take risk on early planting anchor decisions here.
P50 (Mar 4) — the median. Half of historical years had their last frost on or before this date. This is the “Typical” reference.
P90 (Mar 27) — the date by which there’s a 90% chance frost is done. Risk-averse gardeners planting frost-sensitive crops use this date as their go-ahead signal.

For most warm-season crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil, beans), waiting until the P50 to P90 window is the conservative call. Hardier crops can go in around P10.

The typical last-frost line. The P50 marker is the climate-normal center — the median last-frost date from 30 years of NOAA data. If you enter your ZIP and a freeze is within the 7-day National Weather Service window, a separate marker shows that forecast freeze for your location. A forecast freeze is not necessarily the season’s last: later freezes remain possible.

Limitations

Climate normals plus a short-range forecast blend. The probability curve reflects the climatological baseline from 1991–2020: what’s likely in a typical year. The optional freeze outlook adds the live NWS forecast for your ZIP when a freeze is within about 7 days, the range where a genuine point forecast exists. Without a ZIP, or beyond that horizon, the chart stays on the climate normal, because no forecast can reliably see further out. An early warm spell does not move the estimate earlier on its own, since last frost dates do not reliably track spring warmth.

Microclimate variation. A zone composite represents the weighted average across hundreds of stations. Your specific ZIP may run several days warmer or cooler than the zone average due to elevation, water proximity, urban heat island, or local topography.

Station density. Zone 9A has dense NOAA station coverage. Some zones with sparser ZIP-level coverage (Alaska, parts of the desert Southwest) rely on fewer mapped ZIPs and should be interpreted with slightly more caution.

Data refresh cycle. NOAA releases new Climate Normals on a 10-year cycle. The current 1991–2020 dataset will be superseded by the 2001–2030 release expected in 2031.

Data source: NOAA NCEI U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals (1991-2020). Dataset ID gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619. Methodology: Palecki et al. (2021). License: NOAA NODD (public domain, no endorsement).

First Fall Frost for Zone 9A

Data current as of Aug 12, 2026

In Zone 9A, the first fall frost most likely arrives on November 26, 2026. There's a 10% chance it comes as early as November 6, and a 10% chance it holds off until December 20. These probabilities come from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals, weighted across every NOAA station serving the 1,767 ZIP codes in Zone 9A.

Earliest (10% by)

Nov 6

10% chance frost has arrived by this date

Typical (50% by)

Nov 26

50% chance frost has arrived by this date

Latest (90% by)

Dec 20

90% chance frost has arrived by this date

Planning ahead

The typical first fall frost is around November 26 in Zone 9A, somewhere between November 6 and December 20. That is the climate-normal center from 30 years of NOAA data. Enter your ZIP above for a forecast tied to your location when a freeze is within the 7-day window.

Zone 9A Planting Calendar — All Crops

Dates based on March 4 average last frost. Start indoors dates assume seed starting under grow lights or in a warm window. All dates are averages — adjust based on your specific microclimate and the current year's weather.

Plant	Type	Start Indoors	Transplant / Direct Sow	Harvest Window
A
Abe Lincoln Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
AC Wendy Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Ace 55 Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Acorn Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 30 – Jun 19
African Flake Daisy Flowers	flower	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – May 29
Aji Amarillo Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 16
Aji Dulce Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 6
Alaska Early Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 7 – Apr 12
Alaska Early Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Alaska Mix Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
Albion Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Alfalfa Cover Crop	cover crop	Feb 18	Feb 25 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
All Season Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 29 – May 9
All Sorts Surprise Mix Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – Jun 12
All Sweet Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 14
All Year Round	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 28 – Apr 6
All Year Round (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 13
All Year Round Cauliflower	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
All Year Round Cauliflower (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Allstar Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Amarillo Oro Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9
Amarillo Yellow Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18
America	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 7 – Mar 19
America (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Amish Paste Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 31 – Jun 11
Anaheim Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 3 – Jun 11
Ancho Grande Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Angelica	herb	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	May 23 – Jun 2
Anise	herb	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19 – Jul 9
Anise hyssop leaves and flowers	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Anna Russian Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20
Armenian Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 20
Arroyo Lupine Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 28 – Jun 17
Ashley Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Astro Arugula	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 13 – Mar 4
Astro Arugula (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 10
Atkinson Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Atlantic Giant Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jul 9
Aunt Molly's Ground Cherry	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 13 – Jun 2
Aunt Ruby's German Green Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30
Autumn King Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – May 23
B
Baby Blue Eyes Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – Jun 2
Baby Blue Hubbard Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Baby Cakes Blackberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Baby's Breath Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Bachelor's button edible flowers	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 3 – May 23
Banana Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9
Banana Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 24 – Jun 3
Barletta, Pearly White Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – May 23
Basil Herb Mix	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 30
Bay Laurel	herb	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Beauregard Sweet Potato	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 9 – Jun 24
Beauty Pink Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 3
Beauty Pink Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Beauty Purple Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 3
Beauty Purple Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Beauty White Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 3
Beauty White Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Bee Balm	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Beefsteak Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 11
Beit Alpha Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 15
Better Boy Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 25
Bhut Jolokia Ghost Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 16
Big Beef Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20
Big Bertha Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – May 30
Big Boy Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 28
Big Jim Hatch Chile	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 1
Big Max Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jul 4 – Jul 9
Big Rainbow Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 14
Birds Eye Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19 – Jun 29
Bitter melons	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 16
Black Beauty Eggplant	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 18 – Jun 2
Black Beauty Zucchini	squash	Feb 15	Mar 15 Transplant	Apr 29 – May 9
Black Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 21 – Jun 1
Black Diamond Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9
Black From Tula Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Black Krim Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Black Oil Sunflower Microgreens	microgreen	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Mar 25 – Mar 30
Black Oil Sunflower Microgreens (fall planting)	microgreen	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 13
Black Pearl Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15
Black Salsify	root vegetable	Jan 28	Feb 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Black Seeded Simpson	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 10
Black Seeded Simpson (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 16
Black-Eyed Pea	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 15 – May 20
Black-Eyed Susan	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Blazing Star Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Blonde de Paris	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Blonde de Paris (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Blondkopfchen Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Bloody Butcher Corn	vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 26 – Jul 6
Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 16
Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 22
Blue Curled Scotch	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Mar 24
Blue Curled Scotch (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Blue Flax Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Blue Lake Bush Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 8
Blue Lake Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 16 – May 25
Bok Choy	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 24
Bok Choy (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Boltardy Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
Boltardy Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Bonny Best Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Borage	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 28 – May 18
Borlotti Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 15
Boston Pickling Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Bouquet Dill	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 9 – Apr 24
Bouquet Dill (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Bradley Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Brandywine Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 16
Brightwell Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Brilliant Celeriac	root vegetable	Jan 21	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 22 – Jul 2
Broad Windsor Fava Bean	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 27 – May 7
Broadleaf Classic	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Broadleaf Classic (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Broadleaf Sorrel	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Broccolini	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	May 7 – May 27
Broccolini (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Brunswick Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 9 – May 19
Brussels Sprouts	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 11 – Jul 6
Buckwheat	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 3 – Apr 18
Bull's Blood Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – Apr 28
Bull's Blood Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Burgess Buttercup Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9
Burgundy Boston	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 19
Burgundy Boston (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Bush Pickle Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 25 – May 3
Buttercrunch	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 10 – Mar 19
Buttercrunch (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Butterhead Lettuce	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 29
Butterhead Lettuce (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Butternut Squash	squash	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 26 – Jul 16
C
Cal Sweet Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 9
Calabrese Broccoli	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Calabrese Broccoli (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Calendula	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 23 – May 3
Calendula (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
California Bluebell	flower	Jan 26	Feb 2 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 8
California Bluebell (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
California Giant Mix Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
California Wonder Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 29 – Jun 1
Calypso Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 20 – Jun 9
Calypso Cilantro	herb	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 23 – Apr 28
Calypso Cilantro (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Calypso Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Camarosa Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Canary Bird Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Canary Yellow	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Canary Yellow (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Cantaloupe	melon	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 16
Caraway	herb	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Cardoon (Purple Artichoke Thistle)	vegetable	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Carentan Leeks	allium	Jan 28	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – Jun 8
Caribbean Red Scotch Bonnet Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 21 – Jul 16
Caribe Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Carmello Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 25
Carmen Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – Jun 6
Carolina Cross Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 14
Carolina Reaper peppers	pepper	Feb 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 16
Cascadia Sugar Snap Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 17 – Apr 19
Cascadia Sugar Snap Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 7
Caserta Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15
Casper Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27
Catmint	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Catnip Herb	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Cayenne Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 11 – Jun 21
Celebrity Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 22
Celeste Fig	berry	—	Mar 18 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Chadwick's Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – Jun 9
Champion Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 3
Champion Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Chandler Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Chantenay Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13
Chantenay Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Charleston Wakefield Cabbage	brassica	Jan 28	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 27
Chayote squash	vegetable	Mar 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jul 16 – Aug 15
Cherokee Purple Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 11
Cherokee Trail of Tears Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – Jun 9
Cherry Belle Radish	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 1 – Apr 10
Cherry Belle Radish (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Cherry Bomb peppers	pepper	Feb 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Cherry Queen Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Chervil	herb	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Mar 18 – Mar 28
Chervil (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 15
Chicago Hardy Fig	berry	—	Mar 18 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Chinese 5-Color Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 11
Chinese Broccoli (Gai Lan)	brassica	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 22 – Mar 14
Chinese Broccoli (Gai Lan) (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Chinese Forget-Me-Not Flowers	flower	Jan 26	Feb 2 Transplant	Apr 8 – Apr 28
Chinese Snake Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25
Chioggia Beet	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 15
Chioggia Beet (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Chives	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Chocolate Bell Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – Jun 6
Chocolate Cherry Sunflowers	flower	Feb 18	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – Jun 2
Chocolate Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Chocolate Habanero Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 24
Chocolate Stripes Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30
Christmas Lima Bean	legume	Mar 7	Mar 14 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 12
Cinderella Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 29
Cinnamon Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 30
Clasping Coneflower	flower	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Classic Cumin	herb	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19 – Jul 9
Classic Tomatillos	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 4
Clemson Spineless Okra	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 28 – May 7
Climax Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Cocozelle Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30
Common Milkweed Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Common Sage	herb	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Congo Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 14
Contender Bush Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 25 – May 5
Copenhagen Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Copenhagen Cabbage (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Corno di Toro Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Cosmic Purple Carrot	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 8 – May 25
Cosmos	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 13 – Jun 2
Cosmos Sensations Mix Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
Costoluto Genovese Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
County Fair Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 2
Crackerjack Mix Marigolds	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 18
Crego Mix Aster Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 23 – Jun 2
Creole Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
Crimson Cherry Rhubarb Root	vegetable	Jan 28	Feb 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Crimson Clover	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 3 – Jun 2
Crimson Forest Bunching Onions	root vegetable	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3
Crimson Forest Bunching Onions (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Crimson Sweet Watermelon	melon	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 23 – Jun 2
Crisphead	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 1 – Apr 8
Crosby's Egyptian Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 3
Crosby's Egyptian Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Crosne tubers	root vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Cuban Oregano	herb	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Cubanelle Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 26 – Jun 3
Culinary Turmeric	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 25 Transplant	Nov 20, 2026 – Jan 19, 2027
Cupid Grape Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 20
Curly Kale	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Mar 29
Curly Kale (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Curly Parsley	herb	Jan 28	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 23
Cylindra Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3
Cylindra Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
D
Daikon Radishes	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 25 – May 5
Daikon Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Dandelion	herb	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Danish Ballhead Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 29 – Jun 8
Danvers Carrot	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 20 – May 30
Dark Green Italian Giant Parsley	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 19 – May 4
Dark Green Romaine	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 3
Dark Green Romaine (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Dark Green Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30
Dark Opal Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – Jun 1
Datil peppers	pepper	Feb 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 6
Delica kabocha squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 21 – Jul 6
Delicata Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 30 – Jun 19
Delicatesse Blue Kohlrabi	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 7 – Apr 12
Delicatesse Blue Kohlrabi (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Delicatesse White Kohlrabi	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 7 – Apr 12
Delicatesse White Kohlrabi (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Delicious Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Detroit Dark Red Beet	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 10
Detroit Dark Red Beet (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Devils Tongue Yellow Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 29
Di Cicco Broccoli	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Di Cicco Broccoli (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Dill	herb	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 13 – Apr 28
Dill (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Diva Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 8
Dolce Fresca Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – May 27
Dragon Tongue Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 10
Drumhead Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – May 29
Dukat Dill	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Mar 30 – Apr 9
Dukat Dill (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Dutch Lamb's Lettuce	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
Dutch Lamb's Lettuce (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Dutch Yellow Shallots	allium	Jan 28	Feb 4 Transplant	May 5 – Jun 4
Dwarf Jewel Mix Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
Dwarf Long Pod Okra	vegetable	Mar 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 19 – May 24
E
Earliglow Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Early Girl Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 9 – May 19
Early Jersey Wakefield Cabbage	brassica	Jan 28	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 17 – Apr 27
Early Purple Broccoli	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Early Purple Broccoli (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Early Wonder Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23
Early Wonder Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Easter Egg Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 1 – Apr 5
Easter Egg Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 2
Echinacea	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Edamame	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 25 – Jun 14
Egg Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Eight Ball Zucchini	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 25 – May 5
Elephant Garlic	root vegetable	—	Oct 29 Plant Out	Apr 27, 2027 – Jun 26, 2027
Emerald Giant Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 11
Emerald Green Velvet Okra	vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 12 – May 15
Empress of India Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
Endive / Escarole	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 29
Endive / Escarole (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
English Lavender	herb	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
English Lavender (companion planting)	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
English Thyme	herb	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
English White Daisy Flowers	flower	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Epazote	herb	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 15
Evening Sun Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 23 – Jun 2
Everbearing Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10
Evergreen Bunching Onions	root vegetable	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2
Evergreen Parsley	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 29 – May 14
F
Fairy Dwarf Mix Candytuft Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 4 – Apr 19
Fairy Dwarf Mix Candytuft Flowers (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Fall Rutabagas	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Fava Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 25 – Jun 19
Fenugreek	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Mar 25 – Apr 9
Fenugreek (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Firecracker Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jul 9
Fish Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 6
Five Star Grape Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 12
Flat-Leaf Parsley	herb	Jan 28	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – Jun 2
Floradade Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 25
Florida Broadleaf	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
Florida Broadleaf (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Florida Giant Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Florida Market Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 16
Fordhook Giant	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 19
Fordhook Giant (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Fort Laramie Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Fortex Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Foxglove Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
French Breakfast Radish	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 1 – Apr 8
French Breakfast Radish (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 29
French Lamb's Lettuce	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
French Lamb's Lettuce (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
French Marigold	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 23 – May 3
French Red Shallots	allium	Jan 28	Feb 4 Transplant	May 5 – Jun 4
French Tarragon	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Fresno Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Full Heart Batavian	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 18 – Apr 23
G
Gaillardia Annual Mix Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – Jun 2
Gardener's Delight Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 25
Garlic Chives	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Genovese Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – May 27
Georgia Rattlesnake Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 14
Georgia Southern Collard Greens	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 13
German Chamomile	herb	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 3 – May 8
German Chamomile (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
German Johnson Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Giant Imperial Mix Larkspur Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	May 29 – Jun 18
Giant Maximum Mix Snapdragon Flowers	flower	Jan 21	Feb 18 Transplant	May 9 – May 24
Giant Musselburgh Leeks	allium	Jan 28	Feb 18 Transplant	May 29 – Jun 3
Giant Red	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9
Giant Red (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 15
Ginger	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 25 Transplant	Nov 20, 2026 – Jan 19, 2027
Glacier Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 8
Globe Gilia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 23
Glorious Gleam Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Glory of Enkhuizen Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19
Gochugaru Korean Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1
Gold Rush Zucchini	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 25 – Apr 30
Golden Acre Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Golden Acre Cabbage (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Golden Bantam Sweet Corn	vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 26 – Jun 1
Golden Beet	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 15
Golden Beet (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Golden Bush Scallop Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15
Golden Celery	vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 14
Golden Detroit Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 3
Golden Detroit Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Golden Globe Turnips	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 18 – Apr 23
Golden Globe Turnips (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Golden Hubbard Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Golden Marconi Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – Jun 6
Golden Sunray Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Golden Wax Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 10
Grano Red Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2
Grano White Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2
Greek Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Greek Oregano	herb	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Green Arrow Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 17 – Apr 22
Green Arrow Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Green Cabbage	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – Jun 26
Green Envy Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Green Fingers Persian Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 10
Green Flesh Honeydew Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Green Globe Artichoke	vegetable	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Green Grape Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 28
Green Hubbard Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 29
Green Ice	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9
Green Ice (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 15
Green Marrow Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Green Onion	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Green Purslane	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 15 – Apr 30
Green shiso leaves	herb	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Green Striped Cushaw Crookneck Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Green Wave	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9
Green Wave (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 15
Green Zebra Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 4
Gypsy Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – May 22
H
H-19 Little Leaf Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 7 – May 12
Habanero Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 25 Transplant	Jun 23 – Jul 23
Hailstone Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 3
Hailstone Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Hairy vetch cover crop stands	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 3 – Jun 2
Hamburg Rooted Parsley	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – Jun 8
Hard Red Wheat Cover Crop	cover crop	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 27 – May 17
Harris Model Parsnips	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 2
Harvester Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Hatch Green Chile (NM 6-4) Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 6
Heart of Gold Cantaloupe Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Heirloom Red Kuri Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 9 – Jun 19
Henderson Bush Lima Bean	legume	Mar 7	Mar 14 Transplant	May 14 – May 23
Herb Fennel	herb	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Heritage Rainbow Blend Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
Heritage Raspberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Highbush Blueberries	berry	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Hillbilly Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Holiday Marbles Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 29
Holland Red Shallots	allium	Jan 28	Feb 4 Transplant	May 5 – Jun 4
Homemade Pickles Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Homestead Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 4
Honeoye Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Honey Bee Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10
Honey Rock Cantaloupe Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Honeydew Melon	melon	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 26 – Jul 11
Horehound Herb	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Horseradish	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Hot Pink	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Hot Pink (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Hungarian Hot Wax Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – Jun 1
I
Iceberg	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 1 – Apr 8
Igloo Cauliflower	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24 – Apr 29
Igloo Cauliflower (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Imperial Star Artichoke	vegetable	Jan 28	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 2 – Jun 12
Improved Meyer Lemon	berry	—	Mar 18 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Indian Spring Mix Hollyhock Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2 – Aug 31
Indigo Rose Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 9
Isis Candy Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Italian Large Leaf Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 25
Italian Oregano	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
J
Jack Be Little Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Jack O'Lantern Pumpkin	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 9 – Jun 29
Jacob's Cattle beans	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 30 – Jun 9
Jade Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Jalapeño Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – Jun 1
Japanese Eggplant	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 23 – May 8
Jaune Flamme Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30
Jersey Knight Asparagus	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Jerusalem artichoke tubers	root vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Jet Star Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 22
Jewel Strawberries	berry	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Jicama Mexican Yam Bean	legume	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Aug 5 – Aug 25
Jimmy Nardello Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	Jun 13 – Jun 23
Jubilee Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Jubilee Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 14
Juliet Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 9 – May 11
K
Kagraner Sommer	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 22
Kagraner Sommer (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 28
Kapoor Tulsi (Holy Basil)	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17
Kellogg's Breakfast tomatoes	tomato	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Kentucky Wonder Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 22
King Arthur Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 19 – May 25
King of the Garden Pole Lima Bean	legume	Mar 7	Mar 14 Transplant	Jun 10 – Jun 17
King's Cure-All Evening Primrose Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Kuroda Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13
Kuroda Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
L
Lacinato Kale	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Mar 29
Lacinato Kale (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Lacy Phacelia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 18
Lanceleaf Coreopsis Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Landreth Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Large Leaf Sorrel	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Large Red Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Leaf Lettuce Mix	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 19
Leaf Lettuce Mix (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Lebanese White Bush Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 25
Leek	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Jun 12 – Jul 12
Lemon Balm	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Lemon Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 3 – May 13
Lemon Habanero Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 24
Lemon Mint Herb	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Lemon Verbena	herb	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Lemongrass	herb	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Lettuce Leaf Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 30
Licorice Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 30
Lima Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 30
Lime Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Little Fingers Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28
Little Fingers Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Little Gem	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 20
Little Gem (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 26
Little Marvel Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 12 – Apr 15
Little Marvel Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 3
Lollo Bionda	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Lollo Bionda (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Lollo Rossa	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 17 – Mar 20
Lollo Rossa (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 26
Long Green Louisiana Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – May 27
Long Island Cheese Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Long Ping Tung Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 12 – May 17
Long Purple Italian Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1
Lovage Herb	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Love-in-a-Mist Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 8 – May 28
Luffa gourds	vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 26 – Jul 16
Luminosa Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Lunar White Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – May 23
Lunaria Silver Dollar Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Lunchbox Mini Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 19 – May 24
M
Magenta Sunset	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Mar 24
Magenta Sunset (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Mammoth Dill	herb	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 4 – Apr 24
Mammoth Dill (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Mammoth Melting Sugar Snow Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 20 – Apr 26
Mammoth Sunflower	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 8 – May 23
Manitoba Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 15
Marglobe Improved Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Marglobe Supreme Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Mariachi Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 23 – Jun 1
Marion Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Marketer Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5
Marketmore 76 Cucumber	cucumber	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Marvel of Four Seasons	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 24
Marvel of Four Seasons (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Mary Washington Asparagus	vegetable	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Matador Viking	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 12
Matador Viking (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 18
Matt's Wild Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 15
Maxibel Filet Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 10
Maximillian Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
McKana Giants Mix Columbine Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Medium Red Clover Cover Crop	cover crop	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 19 – May 4
Mesclun Mix	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 13 – Feb 22
Mesclun Mix (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Michihili Cabbage	brassica	Jan 28	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 22
Michihili Cabbage (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Midnight Snack Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – May 27
Millennium Asparagus	vegetable	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Misty Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Mizuna	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
Mizuna (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Money Maker Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Monstrueux de Viroflay	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 14
Monstrueux de Viroflay (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Moon & Stars Red-Flesh Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 19
Moon & Stars Yellow-Flesh Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 19
Morris Heading	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 8 – Apr 13
Mortgage Lifter Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 11
Mountain Magic Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 29 – Jun 1
Mr. Stripey Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 14
Mrs. Burns Lemon Basil	herb	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Mucho Nacho Jalapeño Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 25 – May 27
Mugwort	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Muncher Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 15
Mustard Greens	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 27 – Mar 14
Mustard Greens (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Mâche (Corn Salad)	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 17
N
Nagami Kumquat	berry	—	Mar 18 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Nantes Carrot	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 12 – May 25
Nantes Carrot (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Sep 3 Direct Sow	Nov 17
Napa Cabbage	brassica	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 3 – Apr 23
Napoletano Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1
Nasturtium	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 23 – May 8
National Pickling Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 23 – May 1
New England Aster Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
New Sunn Hemp Cover Crop	cover crop	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – Jun 9
New Zealand Spinach	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
New Zealand Spinach (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Noble Giant	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 10 – Mar 14
Noble Giant (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Nodding Catchfly Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – Jun 2
Nopales pads	vegetable	Mar 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
NuMex Twilight Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jul 9
Nutri-Red Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
O
O'Neal Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
OG American Flag Leeks	allium	Jan 28	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – May 29
Old Fashion	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 14
Old Fashion (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Orange	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 19
Orange (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Orange Flesh Honeydew Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Orange Habanero Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 24
Orange Horizon Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Orange King Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Orange Oxheart Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Orange Sulphur Cosmos Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Oregon Giant Snow Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 22 – Apr 26
Oregon Spring Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 8 – May 20
Oregon Sugar Pod Snow Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 12 – Apr 20
Oregon Sugar Pod Snow Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 8
Orion Florence Fennel	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
Ox-Eye Daisy Flowers	flower	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Ozark Beauty Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
P
Pacific Giant Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jul 4 – Jul 14
Padron Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 24 – May 29
Pandora Striped Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Paris Market Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – Apr 28
Paris Market Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Paris Yellow Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
Parsnip	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 19 – Jul 19
Pasilla de Oaxaca Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Patio Princess Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 20
Pattypan Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 27 – May 5
Paul Robeson tomatoes	tomato	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – Jun 4
Peach Melba Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
Peppermint	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Pepperoncini Pepper	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Pesto Perpetuo Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – Jun 16
Phacelia cover crop and bee forage	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Apr 18 – May 3
Phacelia cover crop and bee forage (fall planting)	cover crop	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Pimento Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 11 – Jun 16
Pineapple Tomatillos	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Pineapple Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 14
Pink Banana Jumbo Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19 – Jun 29
Pink Delicious Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 3
Pink Lemonade Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Pink Oxheart Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
Pinkeye Purple Hull Cowpea	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 20
Pistou Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17
Pixie Delight Lupine Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 2 – Jun 22
Plains Coreopsis	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Planters Jumbo Cantaloupe Melon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Poblano Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – Jun 1
Polar Bear Zinnia Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 3 – May 13
Ponderosa Red Beefsteak Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Poona Kheera Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 15
Popcorn	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 28 – Jul 2
Potato onion clusters	root vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 16 – Jul 16
Powderblue Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Powderpuff Aster Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – May 28
Premier	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Premier (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Pretty Purple Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jul 9
Prizewinner Runner Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 1
Progress No. 9 Shelling Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 10 – Apr 14
Progress No. 9 Shelling Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 2
Provider Bush Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 5
Purple Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 11
Purple Beauty Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 1
Purple Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
Purple Haze Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 16
Purple Haze Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 13
Purple Passion Asparagus	vegetable	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Purple Plum Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 1 – Apr 3
Purple Plum Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Purple Tiger Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 19
Purple Tomatillos	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Pápalo leaves	herb	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 13 – May 23
Q
Queen Anne's Lace Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 28 – Jun 12
Queensland Blue Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19 – Jul 9
Quinault Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
R
Radicchio	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 18
Rainbow Corn	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 24 – Jul 4
Rainbow Mix	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Rainbow Mix (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Rambo Radish Microgreens	microgreen	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Mar 24 – Mar 28
Rambo Radish Microgreens (fall planting)	microgreen	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 11
Rapeseed Cover Crop	cover crop	Jan 26	Feb 2 Transplant	Mar 19 – Apr 13
Rapeseed Cover Crop (fall planting)	cover crop	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Rapini Broccoli Raab	brassica	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Rapini Broccoli Raab (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Raspberry Shortcake	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Rattlesnake Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Red Acre Cabbage	brassica	Jan 28	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 27 – May 2
Red Burgundy Okra	vegetable	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 12 – May 17
Red Burgundy Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 22 – Jul 2
Red Cabbage	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jul 6
Red Caribbean Habanero Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 24
Red Cayenne Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Red Cherry Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Red Garnet Amaranth	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Red Leaf Lettuce	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 19
Red Leaf Lettuce (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Red Mushroom Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Red Pear Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Red Pontiac Potato	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 9 – Jun 29
Red Prairie Mexican Hat Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Red Robin Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 12
Red Romaine	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 3
Red Romaine (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Red Rubin Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 29
Red Russian Kale	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Red Russian Kale (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Red Vein Sorrel	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Red Velvet Leaf Basil	herb	Feb 25	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 30
Red-Stem Malabar Spinach	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Apr 3
Rio Grande Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Roma II Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 3 – May 9
Roma VF Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Romaine Lettuce	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 29 – Apr 8
Roman Chamomile	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Romanesco	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 26
Romano Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 18
Roselle calyces and leaves	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Aug 8 – Sep 7
Rosemary	herb	—	Mar 18 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Round de Nice Zucchini Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 25
Round Mauve Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jun 16
Royal Burgundy Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Royal Carpet Alyssum Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 4 – Apr 19
Royal Carpet Alyssum Flowers (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Ruby Red	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Mar 24
Ruby Red (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Rue	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Russian Tarragon	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Rutgers Tomato	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 6
S
Sakura Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Salad Bowl Green	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 13 – Mar 14
Salad Bowl Green (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Salad Burnet	herb	Feb 18	Feb 25 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Salad Bush Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 7 – May 8
San Andreas Strawberries	berry	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
San Marzano Tomatoes	tomato	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 14
Santa Fe Grande Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Savoy Perfection Cabbage	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	May 19 – May 24
Scarlet Flax Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 14 – Apr 29
Scarlet Flax Flowers (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Scarlet Runner Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
Scarlet Sage Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Seascape Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Serrano Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 6
Shallot	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Jun 2 – Jul 2
Shasta Daisy Flowers	flower	Jan 28	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Shelling Pea	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 20
Shelling Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Shishito Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 25 Transplant	May 24 – May 29
Showy Pink Ladies Evening Primrose Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Shungiku (Edible Chrysanthemum)	lettuce	Feb 11	Feb 18 Transplant	Mar 30 – Apr 14
Shungiku (Edible Chrysanthemum) (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Siberian Dwarf	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 19
Siberian Dwarf (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Signet marigold edible flowers	flower	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	May 3 – May 8
Silver Queen Sweet Corn	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Jun 2 – Jun 4
Single Mix China Aster Flowers	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 23
Slenderette Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 3 – May 7
Slow-Bolt (Slo-Bolt) Cilantro/Coriander	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 1 – Apr 13
Slow-Bolt (Slo-Bolt) Cilantro/Coriander (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 10
Smooth Blue Aster Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Snow Crown Cauliflower	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	May 7 – May 17
Snow Crown Cauliflower (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Snow Pea	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 2 – May 20
Snow Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Snow White Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
Snowball Self-Blanche Cauliflower	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Snowball Self-Blanche Cauliflower (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Soapwort	flower	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Softneck Garlic	root vegetable	—	Oct 29 Plant Out	Jun 26, 2027 – Jul 26, 2027
Solar Yellow Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13 – May 18
Southport Red Globe Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2
Southport White Globe Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2
Spacemaster Bush Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 15
Spaghetti Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 7 – Jun 19
Spanish Sweet White Onions	root vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Jun 22 – Jul 2
Sparkle Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Sparkler Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Mar 29 – Apr 3
Sparkler Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 31
Sparky Mix Marigolds	flower	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Spearmint	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Speckled Pea Shoot Microgreens	microgreen	Mar 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Mar 26 – Apr 1
Speckled Pea Shoot Microgreens (fall planting)	microgreen	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Oct 15
Spicy Globe Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27
St. Valery Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13
St. Valery Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Stevia	herb	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Straight Eight Cucumber	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 15
Stupice Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15
Sugar Ann Snap Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 4 – Apr 8
Sugar Ann Snap Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 26
Sugar Baby Watermelon	melon	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
Sugar Pie Pumpkin	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 9 – Jun 29
Sugar Snap Pea	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 20
Sugar Snap Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Sep 17 Direct Sow	Nov 26
Summer Bibb	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 19 – Mar 24
Summer Bibb (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Summer Carnival Mix Hollyhock Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Jul 2 – Aug 31
Summer Max Mix Cover Crop	cover crop	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 18 – May 3
Summer Savory	herb	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 15
Sun Gold Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 23 – Jun 7
Sun Gold Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 7 – May 15
Sunbright Yellow Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 6
SunChocola Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Sungella Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 20
Sunray Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Sunshine Blue Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Sunshine Kabocha Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Jun 14 – Jun 19
Sunspot Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Surecrop Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Suyo Long Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – May 15
Sweet 100 Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 10 – May 15
Sweet Alyssum	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Apr 13 – Apr 28
Sweet Marjoram	herb	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 9
Sweet Million Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – May 22
Sweet Success Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 4 – May 8
Sweet Treats Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 25
Sweet Woodruff	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Swiss Chard	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 24
Swiss Chard (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
T
Tabasco Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
Tall Trailing Mix Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Tall Utah 52-70 Celery	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Jun 12 – Jul 12
Tango	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 24 – Mar 4
Tango (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 10
Tansy	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Tasty Jade Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 4
Tatsoi	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Feb 17 – Mar 9
Tatsoi (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 15
Tavera Filet Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 4
Taylor Dwarf Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15 – May 18
Tendercrisp Celery	vegetable	Feb 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 19
Tendergreen	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
Tendergreen (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Tendergreen Burpless Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 15
Tendergreen Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Tendersweet Carrots	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 13
Tendersweet Carrots (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Tendersweet Orange Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jun 14
Tepin Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jul 9 – Sep 27
Texas 1015Y SuperSweet Onion	root vegetable	Dec 31	Feb 4 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Texas Bluebonnet Lupine Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – Jun 7
Thai Basil	herb	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 17 – May 22
Thai Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 11
Thessaloniki Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
Thorogreen Bush Lima Bean	legume	Mar 7	Mar 14 Transplant	May 18 – May 28
Tifblue Blueberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Tiger Eye Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 30 – Jun 9
Tigerella Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 20
Tiny Tim Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 2 – May 12
Tom Thumb	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Apr 3
Tom Thumb (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Tom Watson Watermelon	melon	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
Tomatillo	vegetable	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 3 – May 28
Tongue of Fire Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – Jun 14
Top Crop Bush Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 30 – May 5
Tri Color Amaranth (Joseph's Coat)	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Apr 10 – Apr 25
Trinidad Moruga Scorpion peppers	pepper	Feb 4	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 6 – Jul 16
Tristar Strawberry	berry	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Tropical Milkweed Flowers	flower	Feb 4	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Trucker's Favorite Corn	vegetable	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
True Watercress	vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Tumbling Tom Red Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 22 – May 27
Turkish Orange Eggplant	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 11 – Jun 16
Turnip	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 10
Turnip (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Tuscany Black	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 8
U
Upland Cress	vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
V
Vates Collard	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 24 – Apr 8
Vates Kale	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 14 – Mar 19
Vates Kale (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 25
Velvet Queen Sunflowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	May 18 – Jun 2
Verde Tomatillos	vegetable	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Vermont Cranberry Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 15 – Jun 14
Verona Red	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Apr 18 – Apr 25
Victoria Rhubarb	vegetable	Jan 28	Feb 18 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Vienna Purple Kohlrabi	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 7 – Apr 17
Vienna Purple Kohlrabi (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Vienna White Kohlrabi	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 17
Vienna White Kohlrabi (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Vietnamese Coriander	herb	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 13 – May 3
Vietnamese Coriander (fall planting)	herb	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Viola and pansy edible flowers	flower	Jan 14	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 19 – Apr 29
Viola and pansy edible flowers (fall planting)	flower	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 10
Violetta Purple Cauliflower	brassica	Feb 4	Feb 18 Transplant	Apr 24
Violetta Purple Cauliflower (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
VR Moscow Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 30 – Jun 9
W
Waltham 29 Broccoli	brassica	Feb 25	Mar 18 Transplant	Jun 1 – Jun 16
Wando Pea	legume	Feb 4	Feb 11 Transplant	Apr 15 – Apr 20
Wando Pea (fall planting)	legume	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 8
Watermelon Radishes	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 15
Watermelon Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
Wautoma Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10
Wee Be Little Pumpkin	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
West Indian Burr Gherkin Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 15
Whirlybird Nasturtium Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 23 – May 3
White Boston	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 4 – Mar 14
White Boston (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
White Cherry Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 25
White Cloud Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 1
White clover living mulch	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Perennial — see plant page
White Cushaw Crookneck Winter Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 19
White Detroit Beets	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 3
White Detroit Beets (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
White Emergo Runner Pole Bean	legume	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – May 30
White Icicle Radishes	root vegetable	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 3 – Apr 13
White Icicle Radishes (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 10
White Lisbon Bunching Onions	root vegetable	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	May 8
White Lisbon Bunching Onions (fall planting)	root vegetable	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Dec 5
White Marrow Summer Squash	squash	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4
White Wonder Cucumber	cucumber	Mar 4	Mar 11 Transplant	May 5 – May 10
Winner Kohlrabi	brassica	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 14
Winner Kohlrabi (fall planting)	brassica	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Winter Density	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 18 – Mar 24
Winter Density (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 30
Winter Giant	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	Mar 9 – Mar 14
Winter Giant (fall planting)	lettuce	—	Oct 1 Direct Sow	Nov 20
Winter rye cover crop stands	cover crop	—	Mar 4 Direct Sow	Aug 31 – Oct 10
Winter Savory	herb	—	Mar 11 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Wisconsin SMR 58 Cucumbers	cucumber	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 5 – May 8
Witloof White	lettuce	—	Jan 23 Direct Sow	May 9 – Jun 1
Wormwood	herb	Feb 11	Mar 4 Transplant	Perennial — see plant page
Y
Yard Long Bean	legume	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 10 – Jun 9
Yarrow	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	Perennial — see plant page
Yellow Beefsteak Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Yellow Crookneck Squash	squash	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	Apr 30 – May 10
Yellow Jalapeno (Caloro) Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Yellow Mushroom Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	May 25 – Jun 4
Yellow Oxheart Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 4 – Jun 9
Yellow Pear Tomatoes	tomato	Feb 18	Mar 11 Transplant	May 20 – May 30
Yellow Scotch Bonnet Hot Peppers	pepper	Feb 11	Mar 11 Transplant	Jun 9 – Jul 9
Yellow Sulphur Cosmos Flowers	flower	Feb 25	Mar 4 Transplant	Apr 28 – May 13
Yellow Sweet Blossom Clover Cover Crop	cover crop	Jan 26	Feb 2 Transplant	Apr 3 – May 3
Yolo Wonder Sweet Peppers	pepper	Feb 18	Mar 18 Transplant	May 27 – Jun 6
Yukon Gold Potato	root vegetable	—	Mar 11 Direct Sow	May 30 – Jun 19
Z
Zinnia	flower	—	Mar 4 Plant Out	May 3 – Jun 2

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See exactly what to plant, transplant, and harvest each month in Zone 9A.

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Zone 9A Growing Tips

Average last spring frost is March 4 and first fall frost is November 26 — these are the anchor dates your entire planting schedule is built around.
EXTREME heat is the dominant challenge. Highs regularly exceed 110°F June-August. Most gardening happens Oct-May (reversed calendar).
Extremely dry except for July-August monsoon. ALL water comes from irrigation outside monsoon season.
Disease pressure in this zone is low. Primary risks include powdery mildew cucurbit, powdery mildew legume, root knot nematode. Proper plant spacing, air circulation, and avoiding overhead watering significantly reduce disease incidence.
Fall cool-season crops (lettuce, spinach, kale, radishes) should go in the ground between October 1 and November 15 for harvest before hard frost arrives.

States in Zone 9A

Zone 9A spans parts of these states. Note that zone boundaries run within states — check your specific ZIP code for your exact zone.

Texas (south central) Florida (central) California (Los Angeles basin, Sacramento valley) Arizona (Phoenix metro) New Mexico (south)

What works well in Zone 9A

Zone 9a (Phoenix-style hot desert) runs on an inverted calendar: production from October through May, summer dormancy June through September. With 8 inches of annual rainfall and 106°F July highs, gardens are water-limited and heat-limited more than frost-limited. (Coastal California 9a is much milder and less of a summer-shutdown desert calendar.)

Drip irrigation / soaker hose kit

Critical

Every gardener benefits from putting water at the root zone instead of on the leaves, because drip and soaker systems reduce foliar disease pressure by limiting leaf wetness and soil splash. A quality kit should include a backflow preventer, filter, pressure reducer, and UV-resistant tubing.

Source: Iowa State University Extension; Colorado State University Extension; UMass Extension

Budget Quick-Connect Drip Starter Kit Right-sized for 1-2 raised beds. Quick-connect fittings, adjustable nozzles, and 1/2" + 1/4" tubing included. View on Amazon paid link Best value Complete Garden Drip Irrigation Kit Designed for beginners with a step-by-step setup guide. Adjustable emitters, both tubing sizes, and all connectors included. View on Amazon paid link Premium Landscape Drip Irrigation Kit Professional-grade from the company that builds irrigation systems for golf courses and farms. Includes drippers, micro-bubblers, and micro-sprays. View on Amazon paid link

Garden shade cloth

Critical

K-State Research and Extension and University of Maryland Extension recommend shade cloth as a heat-management tool for vegetable gardens, with 30 percent shade rating most effective for tomatoes, peppers, and fruiting crops, and 40 to 50 percent for protecting heat-sensitive greens during hot summer months. University of Delaware research found 30 percent black shade cloth tripled marketable yield for bell peppers compared to unshaded plants, and Purdue trials showed shade cloth reduced maximum daily temperatures by 8 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit. Choose knitted polyethylene with reinforced grommets every 18 to 24 inches, mount on hoops or a frame with open sides for airflow, and remove or vent during prolonged wet weather to avoid increased humidity in the canopy.

Source: K-State Research and Extension; University of Maryland Extension; University of Delaware Cooperative Extension; Purdue University Extension

Budget 30% Sun-Block Shade Cloth (6x8 ft, with clips) 30 percent shade rating, the extension-recommended density for tomatoes, peppers, and other fruiting crops. Agfabric is one of the most-cited horticultural shade cloth brands. Includes clips for fast install over hoops or a simple PVC frame. Best for one raised bed or a small group of containers. View on Amazon paid link Best value 30% Sun-Block Shade Cloth (6x10 ft) Same 30 percent rating in the typical home-garden size that fits a 4 by 8 raised bed plus working overhang. Knitted polyethylene with grommets for tie-down. Strong volume signal (3.8K reviews) supports consistent product quality across orders. View on Amazon paid link Premium 30% UV-Block Shade Cloth (6x15 ft roll) Coolaroo is the gold-standard horticultural shade fabric brand, used by professional growers and university research stations. Tear-resistant breathable knit at the same 30 percent rating, sized as a 6 by 15 foot roll for serious gardens with multiple beds. Cut to fit, secure with clips or grommets at the edges. View on Amazon paid link

Mulch / landscape fabric

High

Nearly every garden benefits from mulch for weed suppression, moisture conservation, and soil temperature moderation. For most home gardeners, quality organic mulch is the better buy over landscape fabric.

Source: Penn State Extension; Wisconsin Horticulture; Illinois Extension

Budget Seeding Straw Mulch (1 cu ft, covers ~250 sq ft) Processed wheat straw with biodegradable tackifier for slope retention. The most-reviewed garden straw on Amazon (1.8K+ reviews). Covers about 250 square feet at proper 2 to 3 inch depth, which fits a typical home raised-bed setup. Apply after seedlings are established and soil has warmed. View on Amazon paid link Best value Cleaned Wheat Straw Mulch (3 cu ft, ~20 lbs) Thoroughly cleaned wheat straw at 3 cubic feet, marketed specifically for vegetable gardens rather than animal bedding or decoration. Better per-pound economics than the 1 cu ft option, with the same extension-recommended material. Strong sales volume (2K+ bought past month) supports product consistency. View on Amazon paid link Premium Long-Needle Pine Straw (covers ~100 sq ft) Long-needle pine straw harvested in the US, premium type that decomposes more slowly than wheat straw. Pine straw is the regional preferred mulch in the humid Southeast (recommended by NC State, UF/IFAS, and Texas A&M extension) because it resists matting in heavy rain and stays in place better than chopped straw. Best for Zones 7a-9b vegetable beds. View on Amazon paid link

Soil moisture meter (root-zone probe)

High

University of Arizona Cooperative Extension notes that most vegetables root in the top 12 to 24 inches of soil and that hot, dry periods require more frequent irrigation, but watering by habit often wets only the top inch while leaving the root zone dry. A dedicated soil moisture meter with a long probe gives gardeners a deterministic reading at root depth instead of guessing from surface appearance, which is most critical in low-rainfall desert zones (Zone 9a Phoenix) and in raised beds or containers that dry from the top down. Look for a single-purpose moisture meter (not a 3-in-1 or 4-in-1 combo, which trade accuracy for feature count) with a probe that reaches 8 to 12 inches and a clear analog or digital display.

Source: University of Arizona Cooperative Extension

Budget Soil Moisture Meter (stainless steel probe) The original XLUX moisture meter with a 304 stainless steel probe — won't corrode in alkaline desert soils or humid Gulf Coast beds. Single-purpose tool, no batteries required, instant-read dial. The most-reviewed soil moisture meter on Amazon (66K+ reviews, 7K+ bought past month). Best entry-level choice when probe durability matters more than maximum depth. View on Amazon paid link Best value Deep-Probe Soil Moisture Meter (12-inch probe) Extended 12-inch probe specifically designed to reach the 8 to 12 inch root zone where University of Arizona Extension recommends measuring. Critical for Zone 9a desert gardens, raised beds, and large containers where surface moisture readings don't reflect actual root-zone water status. View on Amazon paid link Premium Deep-Probe Soil Moisture Meter (2-pack, 12-inch probe) Same 12-inch deep-use probe in a 2-pack for gardeners with multiple beds or who want to leave one meter staged in a primary bed and one for spot-checking. Better per-unit economics for serious desert gardens or any setup with separated growing areas. View on Amazon paid link

Reflective plastic mulch (white-on-black or silver)

Medium

North Carolina State Extension reports that white-on-black plastic mulch can reduce soil temperature by 5 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit and silver mulch by about 6 degrees, the opposite effect of black mulch which warms soil. This makes reflective mulch the appropriate plasticulture choice for hot zones (especially Zone 9a desert and other high-heat low-humidity areas) where overheating limits warm-season crop performance more than cold soil. Silver mulch adds documented aphid and thrips repellency from the reflective surface. Use only with drip irrigation installed underneath, never use plastic mulch without irrigation, and reserve for late spring or early fall plantings where the surrounding heat is the primary stress.

Source: North Carolina State Extension; University of Arizona Cooperative Extension

Budget White-on-Black Plastic Mulch (4 ft x 100 ft, 1.0 mil) 1.0 mil embossed white-on-black mulch film at home-garden roll size. The white-up face reflects sunlight and reduces soil temperature 5 to 20 degrees F per NCSU; the black-down face suppresses weeds and prevents light from reaching the soil. Same proven Grower's Solution film used in our black/red mulch picks. View on Amazon paid link Best value Silver Reflective Plastic Mulch (4 ft x 100 ft, 1.0 mil) 1.0 mil embossed silver metallic mulch film. Silver provides about 6 degrees F of soil cooling per NCSU plus documented aphid and thrips repellency from the reflective surface — a dual benefit white-on-black does not offer. Best for desert and high-heat zones where pest pressure is also a concern. View on Amazon paid link Premium Silver Reflective Plastic Mulch (4 ft x 250 ft, 1.0 mil) Same silver metallic film at 2.5x the length for only a few dollars more. Better per-foot economics for gardeners with multiple beds or planning multiple seasons of use. Store unused portion rolled and dry between seasons. View on Amazon paid link

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Frost dates from NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 U.S. Climate Normals (dataset gov.noaa.ncdc:C01619; methodology Palecki et al. 2021), aggregated across 1,767 ZIP codes in Zone 9A. First fall frost is aggregated the same way as spring, from NOAA element ANN-TMIN-PRBFST-T32F. Growing season is NOAA's own published normal (ANN-TMIN-PRBGSL-T32F), measured per year and then averaged — not the gap between the two dates above, which is a slightly different quantity. Planting dates are averages based on zone frost dates and standard horticultural timing — adjust for your local microclimate.